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1.
Salud pública Méx ; 57(supl.1): s06-s14, 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751544

ABSTRACT

Objective. To estimate changes in self-report and treatment of diabetes and hypertension between 2001 and 2012 among Mexican aged 50-80, assessing the contribution of education and health insurance coverage. Materials and methods. The Mexican Health and Aging Study was used to estimate associations of education and insurance on prevalence and treatment of diabetes and hypertension in 2001 and 2012. Multivariate decomposition was used to assess the contribution of changes in the composition of covariates vs. their "effects" on changes in prevalence and treatment over time. Results. Increases in the prevalence/diagnosis and treatment during the period are largely attributable to the expansion of health insurance. Its effects on diagnosis/prevalence and treatment have also increased over time. Conclusions. The expansion of Seguro Popular likely improved screening and treatment. More research is needed to assess if these have translated into better control and a lower burden of disease.


Objetivo. Estimar cambios en el autorreporte y en el tratamiento de diabetes e hipertensión en adultos de entre 50 y 80 años en México, en 2001 y 2012, y explicarlos en función de los sufridos en cuanto a composición educativa y de cobertura/derechohabiencia en servicios de salud. Material y métodos. Se utilizó la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Envejecimiento en México y técnicas de descomposición multivariada. Resultados. El incremento en la prevalencia/ diagnóstico y tratamiento durante el periodo se debe en gran medida al aumento en la cobertura de servicios de salud. Los "efectos" de la cobertura también se incrementaron de forma importante. Conclusiones. La expansión del Seguro Popular probablemente tuvo un papel importante en la detección y tratamiento de la diabetes e hipertensión. Investigaciones futuras discernirán si dicha expansión se ha traducido en un mejor control y una menor carga de morbilidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Social Determinants of Health , Health Services Accessibility , Hypertension/epidemiology , National Health Programs/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Prevalence , Health Surveys , Insurance Coverage , Disease Management , Developing Countries , Diabetes Mellitus/psychology , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Drug Utilization , Self Report , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Mexico/epidemiology , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Salud pública Méx ; 54(4): 375-382, jul.-ago. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-643241

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To examine the psychometric performance of the SCOFF, a brief screening instrument for eating disorders (ED). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mexican university applicants (n= 3594, 55.7% female, M age= 18.1 years) completed self-report measures and a health screen. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analyses revealed one factor for females. However a bifactor model fits better for males and females. Reliability was lower for females (KR20 = .49) than males (KR20 = .59). More females (24.2%) presented risk for ED (SCOFF > 2) than males (11.2%). Nomological validity indicated that risk for ED in young women was associated with demographic (e.g., parental education), psychological (e.g., depression, weight management efficacy), physical (e.g., BMI), and social (e.g., family conflict) indicators in conceptually coherent ways. Fewer variables were significant for males. CONCLUSION: Although the SCOFF may be a useful ED screen in Mexico, further research must examine its criterion validity, sensitivity, and specificity.


OBJETIVO: Examinar el desempeño psicométrico del SCOFF, un instrumento de tamizaje para trastornos de conducta alimentaria (TCA). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Aspirantes mexicanos a una universidad (n = 3594, 55.7% mujeres, edad M = 18.1 años) completaron cuestionarios y una revisión médica. RESULTADOS: Análisis factoriales confirmatorios revelaron un factor para mujeres, aunque un modelo bifactorial funcionó mejor para hombres y mujeres. La fiabilidad fue menor en mujeres (KR20= .49) que en hombres (KR20= .59). Las mujeres (24.2%) presentaron mayor riesgo de TCA (SCOFF > 2) que hombres (11.2%). Validez nomológica indicó que el riesgo de TCA en mujeres jóvenes estuvo asociado con indicadores demográficos (e.g., educación paterna), psicológicos (e.g., depresión, control eficaz de peso), físicos (e.g., IMC), y sociales (e.g., conflicto familiar) de forma conceptualmente coherente. Un subconjunto de estas variables fueron significativas para los hombres. CONCLUSIÓN: El SCOFF podría ser un tamizaje de TCA útil en México. Sin embargo, se requiere más investigación sobre su validez de criterio, sensibilidad y especificidad.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/epidemiology , Developing Countries , Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Family Relations , Feeding Behavior , Life Style , Mexico , Physical Examination , Psychometrics , Sampling Studies , Self Report , Sensitivity and Specificity , Students/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
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